Although the concept of ethical trade has existed for a long time, the institutionalization of the fair-trade movement did not begin in earnest until the late 1980s. In 1989, the World Fair Trade Organization was founded, and in the years that followed, various fair-trade certification and labeling processes emerged. Unfair Trade e-Waste in Africa. The E-Waste Trade. Why do African importers pay for electronic junk they can’t sell? If the contents of shipping containers are purchased by weight, not by the combined value of what’s inside them, then waste can be transported by “averaging” the load. It costs an average of US$5,000 to ship a 40-foot “Most free trade agreements are not equal and result in unfair trade practices by giving some countries, such as large industrial countries like the United States, Canada and some countries in the European Union, more opportunities than others and putting some countries, such as ones in Latin America, Africa and Asia, at risk. Free trade is